[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"brand-temu":3,"geo-temu":-1,"alternatives-temu":56},{"id":4,"slug":5,"name":6,"wikidata_qid":7,"gleif_lei":8,"isin":8,"ultimate_parent_id":8,"hq_country_code":9,"hq_city":10,"founded_year":11,"official_website":12,"manufacturing_countries":8,"logo_url":8,"description":13,"is_eu_headquartered":14,"is_eu_manufactured":14,"eu_score_label":15,"attributes":16,"data_quality":17,"enriched_at":18,"created_at":19,"updated_at":20,"ownership_type":21,"stock_exchange":22,"tax_domicile":23,"ultimate_parent_name":24,"ultimate_parent_country":9,"data_hosting_country":25,"cloud_act_exposure":26,"ai_training_on_user_data":27,"dsa_designation":28,"gdpr_fines_total_eur":29,"gdpr_compliance_status":30,"supply_chain_transparency":31,"sustainable_materials":32,"carbon_neutral":32,"repair_recycling_program":14,"pays_eu_taxes":33,"eu_regulatory_fines":8,"b_corp_certified":14,"ethical_certifications":34,"ownership_disclosed":26,"annual_report_published":26,"supply_chain_audit_published":14,"timeline_events":35,"extended_enriched_at":55,"category_primary_id":8,"category_secondary_id":8,"category_confidence":29},"8b0bdf82-ad4e-4b84-8cc6-2f7ba44ebfe4","temu","Temu","Q114258161",null,"CN","Boston",2022,"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.temu.com","Temu is an ultra-budget e-commerce marketplace operated by PDD Holdings (parent of Pinduoduo), headquartered in Shanghai. It ships directly from Chinese manufacturers, bypassing EU customs duties through de minimis exemptions.",false,"none",{},"complete","2026-07-20T16:42:02.799+00:00","2026-07-20T16:42:05.927979+00:00","2026-08-02T16:03:44.348037+00:00","subsidiary","NASDAQ","IE","PDD Holdings","mixed",true,"unknown","VLOP",0,"pending","opaque","no","disputed",[],[36,40,44,47,51],{"year":37,"title":38,"description":39},2015,"PDD Holdings founded","Pinduoduo is founded by Colin Huang in Shanghai.",{"year":41,"title":42,"description":43},2018,"PDD Holdings IPO","Parent company PDD Holdings lists on the NASDAQ.",{"year":11,"title":45,"description":46},"Temu launch","Temu is launched as a cross-border e-commerce platform targeting the US market.",{"year":48,"title":49,"description":50},2023,"European expansion","Temu begins aggressive expansion across various European markets.",{"year":52,"title":53,"description":54},2024,"VLOP designation","The European Commission designates Temu as a Very Large Online Platform under the Digital Services Act.","2026-07-21T15:59:02.071+00:00",[57],{"id":58,"slug":59,"name":60,"description":61,"eu_score_label":62,"is_eu_headquartered":26,"hq_country_code":63,"hq_city":64},"c8f0884f-07fb-45ef-bb96-79fa42442703","allegro","Allegro","Allegro is a major Polish e-commerce platform that operates an online marketplace connecting buyers and sellers across Central and Eastern Europe. It functions as the largest domestic e-commerce brand in Poland and is publicly traded on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.","eu_hq_and_owned","FI","Poznań"]