Microsoft owns Teams, Office, OneDrive, and GitHub — all subject to US CLOUD Act data requests. Nextcloud is a German open-source platform offering self-hosted alternatives for file sync, collaboration, and communication under full EU data sovereignty.
Incumbent Solution
Microsoft Corporation is a US technology giant listed on NASDAQ, headquartered in Redmond, Washington. Owner of Windows, Office, LinkedIn, GitHub, and Azure, it is subject to the CLOUD Act and has faced EU regulatory scrutiny over competition and data practices.
Microsoft ownership profileEU Challenger
Nextcloud is a German open-source collaboration platform offering file sync, calendar, video calls, and communication tools. Fully self-hostable and EU-owned, it is the leading European alternative to Google Workspace and Dropbox for on-premise deployments.
Visit NextcloudNextcloud ownership profile| Metric | Microsoft | Nextcloud |
|---|---|---|
| Headquarters | Redmond, US | Stuttgart, DE |
| Ownership | public · NASDAQ | private |
| Tax Domicile | US | DE |
| Ultimate Parent | Microsoft Corporation | Nextcloud GmbH |
| Data Hosting | mixed | mixed |
| CLOUD Act Exposure | Yes ⚠️ | No ✓ |
| AI Trains on User Data | partial | no |
| GDPR | Fined €6M 2013: 561M EUR fine for failing to offer browser choice in Windows; 2023/2024: ongoing investigations into Teams/Office bundling | compliant |
| DSA Designation | VLOP | na |
| Carbon Neutral | claimed | no |
| B Corp | No | No |
| Supply Chain | disclosed | opaque |
| Repair / Recycling | Yes ✓ | No |
Last verified . Sources: Microsoft on Wikidata, Microsoft website, Nextcloud website, How we audit.