Spotify is Swedish-headquartered but NYSE-listed via its Luxembourg holding company. Deezer is a French streaming service listed on Euronext Paris — a more purely European alternative with lossless audio quality.
Incumbent Solution
Spotify is a Swedish audio streaming platform listed on NYSE and headquartered in Stockholm. While EU-headquartered, its ultimate parent Spotify Technology S.A. is domiciled in Luxembourg and it is NYSE-listed, making it a borderline case for EU sovereignty.
Spotify ownership profileEU Challenger
Deezer is a French music streaming service listed on Euronext Paris, headquartered in Paris. Serving 16 million active users, it is the leading European alternative to Spotify, offering lossless audio quality and strong focus on French and European content.
Visit DeezerDeezer ownership profile| Metric | Spotify | Deezer |
|---|---|---|
| Headquarters | Stockholm, SE | Paris, FR |
| Ownership | public · NYSE | public · Euronext |
| Tax Domicile | LU | FR |
| Ultimate Parent | Spotify Technology S.A. | Deezer S.A. |
| Data Hosting | mixed | EU |
| CLOUD Act Exposure | Yes ⚠️ | No ✓ |
| AI Trains on User Data | partial | unknown |
| GDPR | compliant | compliant |
| DSA Designation | standard | standard |
| Carbon Neutral | claimed | claimed |
| B Corp | No | No |
| Supply Chain | partial | partial |
| Repair / Recycling | No | No |
Last verified . Sources: Spotify website, Deezer website, How we audit.